wire service
Lightning web components(LWC) use a reactive wire service, which is built on Lightning Data Service. Components use @wire in their JavaScript class to read data from one of the wire adapters in the lightning/ui*Api modules and also to call the apex controller server-side methods using wire services.
Reactive wire service supports reactive variables, which are prefixed with $. If a reactive variable changes, the wire service provisions(requests) new data.
wire service syntax
import { adapterId } from 'adapterModule';
@wire(adapterId, adapterConfig)
propertyOrFunction;
- adapterId (Identifier)—The identifier of the wire adapter.
- adapterModule (String)—The identifier of the module that contains the wire adapter function, in the format namespace/moduleName. Look at the format! To import a module in JavaScript, use lightning/ui*Api instead of lightning-ui-*-api.
- adapterConfig (Object)—A configuration object specific to the wire adapter. Configuration object property values can be either strings or references to objects and fields imported from @salesforce/schema. Properties in the adapterConfig object can’t be undefined. If a property is undefined, the wire service doesn’t provision data. Don’t update a wire adapter configuration object property in renderedCallback() as it can result in an infinite loop.
@wire can be used as:
- To a property
- As a function
Wire a property : Here, the wire service either provides you with the list of account to the wiredAccounts.data property, or returns an error to the wiredAccounts.error property.
//below code will wire list of Account data
@wire(getAccounts) wiredAccounts;
Wire a function :
Wire a function if you want to operate on the returned data. If a function is decorated with @wire, the results are returned in an object with a data property or an error property.
@track lstaccounts; @track error;
//below code will be used as a function
@wire(getAccounts) wiredAccounts ({ error, data }) {
if (data) {
this.lstaccounts = data;
} else if (error) {
this.error = error;
} }
Import references to salesforce Object and fields
1. To import a reference to an object, use this syntax.
import objectName from '@salesforce/schema/object';
Ex:
import PROPERTY_OBJECT from '@salesforce/schema/Property__c'; import ACCOUNT_OBJECT from '@salesforce/schema/Account';
2. To import a reference to a field, use this syntax.
import FIELD_NAME from '@salesforce/schema/object.field';
Ex:
import POSITION_LEVEL_FIELD from '@salesforce/schema/Property__c.Name'; import ACCOUNT_NAME_FIELD from '@salesforce/schema/Account.Name';
3. To import a reference to a field via a relationship, use this syntax.
import SPANNING_FIELD_NAME from '@salesforce/schema/object.relationship.field';
Ex:
import ACCOUNT_OWNER_NAME_FIELD from '@salesforce/schema/Account.Owner.Name';
Decorate a Property with @wire
- Wiring a property with @wire is useful when you want to consume the data or error.
- If the property decorated with @wire is used as an attribute in the template and its value changes,
- the wire service provisions(requests) the data and triggers the component to rerender.
Ex:
import { LightningElement, api, wire } from 'lwc';
import { getRecord } from 'lightning/uiRecordApi';
export default class Record extends LightningElement {
@api recordId;
@wire(getRecord, { recordId: '$recordId', fields: ['Opportunity.Name'] })
record;
}
Practical Example
ContactExp.apxc
public with sharing class ContactExp {
@AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
public static List<contact> getContactList() {
List<contact> conList= [SELECT Id, Name, Title, Phone, Email FROM Contact LIMIT 10];
return conList;
}
}
contactList.html
<template>
<lightning-card title="Decorate a Property with @wire" icon-name="custom:custom63">
<div class="slds-m-around_medium">
<template if:true={contacts.data}>
<template for:each={contacts.data} for:item="contact">
<p key={contact.Id}>{contact.Name}</p>
</template>
</template>
</div>
</lightning-card>
</template>
contactList.js
import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import getContactList from '@salesforce/apex/ContactExp.getContactList';
export default class contactList extends LightningElement {
@wire(getContactList)
contacts;
}
Output:
Decorate a Function with @wire
- Wiring a function is useful to perform logic whenever new data is provided or when an error occurs.
- The function is invoked whenever a value is available, which can be before or after the component is connected or rendered.
Ex:
import { LightningElement, api, track, wire } from 'lwc';
import { getRecord } from 'lightning/uiRecordApi';
export default class WireFunction extends LightningElement {
@api recordId;
@track record;
@track error;
@wire(getRecord, { recordId: '$recordId', fields: ['Opportunity.Name'] })
wiredAccount({ error, data }) {
if (data) {
this.record = data;
} else if (error) {
this.error = error;
}
}
}
Practical Example
This component wires an Apex method call to a function. Because the results are coming to a function, the JavaScript can work on the results.
ContactExp.apxc
public with sharing class ContactExp {
@AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
public static List<contact> getContactList() {
List<contact> conList= [SELECT Id, Name, Title, Phone, Email FROM Contact LIMIT 10];
return conList;
}
}
contactshow.html
<template>
<lightning-card title=”Decorate a Function with @wire” icon-name=”custom:custom63″>
<div class=”slds-m-around_medium”>
<template if:true={contacts}>
<template for:each={contacts} for:item=”contact”>
<p key={contact.Id}>{contact.Name}</p>
</template>
</template>
<template if:true={error}>
<c-error-Exp errors={error}></c-error-Exp>
</template>
</div>
</lightning-card>
</template>
contactshow.js
import { LightningElement, wire } from ‘lwc’;
import getContactList from ‘@salesforce/apex/ContactExp.getContactList’;
export default class contactDisplay extends LightningElement {
contacts;
error;
@wire(getContactList)
wiredContacts({ error, data }) {
if (data) {
console.log(‘data: ‘, data);
this.contacts = data;
console.log(‘this.contacts: ‘, this.contacts);
this.error = undefined;
| console.log(‘this.error: ‘, this.error);
} else if (error) {
console.log(‘error ‘, error);
this.error = error;
console.log(‘this.error: ‘, this.error);
this.contacts = undefined;
console.log(‘this.contacts : ‘, this.contacts);
}
}}
errorExp.html
<template>
<template if:true={errors}>
status: {errors.status}<br />
statusText: {errors.statusText}<br />
<template for:each={errors.body} for:item=”error”>
statusText: {error.message}
</template>
</template>
</template>
errorExp.js
import { LightningElement,api } from ‘lwc’;
export default class ErrorPanel extends LightningElement {
@api errors;
}
Output:
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