Thursday, December 22, 2022

Difference Between JSON and XML

JSON vs XML – Difference Between Them

Key Difference Between JSON and XML

JSON object has a type whereas XML data is typeless.
JSON does not provide namespace support while XML provides namespaces support.
JSON has no display capabilities whereas XML offers the capability to display data.
JSON is less secured whereas XML is more secure compared to JSON.
JSON supports only UTF-8 encoding whereas XML supports various encoding formats.

What is JSON?

JSON is a file format that uses human-readable text for storing and transmitting data objects containing attribute-value pairs and arrays. JSON is used to store information in an organized and easy-to-access manner. JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation. It offers a human-readable collection of data that can be accessed logically.

What is XML?

XML is an extensible markup language that is designed to store data. It is popularly used for transferring data. It is case-sensitive. XML allows you to define markup elements and generate customized markup language. An element is a basic unit in the XML language. The extension of XML file is .xml.

History of JSON

Here are important landmarks that form the history of JSON:

Douglas Crockford specified the JSON format in the early 2000s.
The official website was launched in 2002.
In December 2005, Yahoo! starts offering some of its web services in JSON.
JSON became an ECMA international standard in 2013.
The most updated JSON format standard was published in 2017.

History of XML

Here, are the important landmark from the history of XML:

XML was also derived from SGML.
Version 1.0 of XML was released in February 1998.
Jan 2001:IETF Proposed Standard: XML Media Types
XML is the Extensible Markup Language.
1970: Charles Goldfarb, Ed Mosher, and Ray Lorie invented GML
The development of XML started in the year 1996 at Sun Microsystem

Features of JSON

Easy to use – JSON API offers high-level facade, which helps you to simplify commonly used use-cases.
Performance – JSON is quite fast as it consumes very less memory space, which is especially suitable for large object graphs or systems.
Free tool – JSON library is open source and free to use.
Doesn’t require to create mapping – Jackson API provides default mapping for many objects to be serialized.
Clean JSON – Creates clean, and compatible JSON result that is easy to read.
Dependency – JSON library does not require any other library for processing.

Features of XML

XML tags are not predefined. You need to define your customized tags.
XML was designed to carry data, not allows you to display that data.
Mark-up code of XML is easy to understand for a human.
Well, the structured format is easy to read and write from programs.
XML is an extensible markup language like HTML.

Difference between JSON and XML

Here is the prime difference between JSON vs XML:

JSON	XML
JSON object has a type	XML data is typeless
JSON types: string, number, array, Boolean	All XML data should be string
Data is readily accessible as JSON objects	XML data needs to be parsed.
JSON is supported by most browsers.	Cross-browser XML parsing can be tricky
JSON has no display capabilities.	XML offers the capability to display data because it is a markup language.
JSON supports only text and number data type.	XML support various data types such as number, text, images, charts, graphs, etc. It also provides options for transferring the structure or format of the data with actual data.
Retrieving value is easy	Retrieving value is difficult
Supported by many Ajax toolkit	Not fully supported by Ajax toolkit
A fully automated way of deserializing/serializing JavaScript.	Developers have to write JavaScript code to serialize/de-serialize from XML
Native support for object.	The object has to be express by conventions – mostly missed use of attributes and elements.
It supports only UTF-8 encoding.	It supports various encoding.
It doesn’t support comments.	It supports comments.
JSON files are easy to read as compared to XML.	XML documents are relatively more difficult to read and interpret.
It does not provide any support for namespaces.	It supports namespaces.
It is less secured.	It is more secure than JSON.

JSON Code vs XML Code

Let’s see a sample JSON Code

{
  "student": [ 
	
     { 
        "id":"01", 
        "name": "Tom", 
        "lastname": "Price" 
     }, 
	
     { 
        "id":"02", 
        "name": "Nick", 
        "lastname": "Thameson" 
     } 
  ]   
}

Let’s study the same code in XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<root>
	<student>
		<id>01</id>
		<name>Tom</name>
		<lastname>Price</lastname>
	</student>
	<student>
		<id>02</id>
		<name>Nick</name>
		<lastname>Thameson</lastname>
	</student>
</root>

Advantages of using JSON

Here are the important benefits/ pros of using JSON:

Provide support for all browsers
Easy to read and write
Straightforward syntax
You can natively parse in JavaScript using eval() function
Easy to create and manipulate
Supported by all major JavaScript frameworks
Supported by most backend technologies
JSON is recognized natively by JavaScript
It allows you to transmit and serialize structured data using a network connection.
You can use it with modern programming languages.
JSON is text which can be converted to any object of JavaScript into JSON and send this JSON to the server.

Advantages of using XML

Here are significant benefits/cons of using XML:

Makes documents transportable across systems and applications. With the help of XML, you can exchange data quickly between different platforms.
XML separates the data from HTML
XML simplifies platform change process
Allows creating user-defined tags.

Disadvantages of using JSON

Here are cons/ drawback of using JSON:

No namespace support, hence poor extensibility
Limited development tools support
It offers support for formal grammar definition

Disadvantages of using XML

Here, are cons/ drawbacks of using XML:

XML requires a processing application
The XML syntax is very similar to other alternatives ‘text-based’ data transmission formats which is sometimes confusing
No intrinsic data type support
The XML syntax is redundant

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