Tuesday, December 3, 2024

Curated list of Salesforce interview questions and answers

 a curated list of Salesforce interview questions and answers grouped by different topics, covering basic to advanced levels. These are suitable for interviews for roles like Salesforce Admin, Developer, Consultant, or Architect.

General Salesforce Questions

  1. What is Salesforce?

    • Answer: Salesforce is a cloud-based Customer Relationship Management (CRM) platform that provides tools for sales, marketing, customer service, and more. It enables businesses to manage customer relationships and integrate with third-party systems.

  2. What are the main types of Salesforce clouds?

    • Answer:
      • Sales Cloud: For managing sales processes.
      • Service Cloud: For customer service and support.
      • Marketing Cloud: For digital marketing campaigns.
      • Commerce Cloud: For e-commerce solutions.
      • Experience Cloud: For building portals and communities.

  3. What is a Salesforce AppExchange?

    • Answer: Salesforce AppExchange is an online marketplace for pre-built applications, components, and solutions that integrate with Salesforce. Examples include DocuSign, Tableau, and Conga.

Salesforce Administration Questions

  1. What are Profiles and Permission Sets in Salesforce?

    • Answer:
      • Profiles define the baseline permissions a user has, including access to objects, tabs, and fields.
      • Permission Sets provide additional permissions to users without changing their profiles.

  2. What are Sharing Rules?

    • Answer: Sharing Rules are used to open up access to records for specific users or groups. They are based on ownership or criteria and can’t override object-level or field-level security.

  3. What is the difference between Role Hierarchy and Sharing Rules?

    • Answer:
      • Role Hierarchy: Grants access to records owned by users lower in the hierarchy.
      • Sharing Rules: Provide additional record access regardless of hierarchy.

  4. What are the different types of reports in Salesforce?

    • Answer:
      • Tabular: Simple list of data.
      • Summary: Includes groupings and subtotals.
      • Matrix: Grouped by rows and columns.
      • Joined: Combines data from multiple report types.

  5. What is a Workflow Rule in Salesforce?

    • Answer: Workflow Rules automate actions (like email alerts, field updates, tasks) based on criteria. They are limited to specific actions and are being replaced by Flows.

Salesforce Development Questions

  1. What is a Salesforce Object?

    • Answer: Objects are database tables in Salesforce.
      • Standard Objects: Predefined, like Accounts, Contacts, and Opportunities.
      • Custom Objects: User-defined to store additional data specific to the organization.

  2. What is the difference between SOQL and SOSL?

    • Answer:
      • SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language): Retrieves records from a single object or related objects.
      • SOSL (Salesforce Object Search Language): Searches for text across multiple objects.

  3. What are Governor Limits in Salesforce?

    • Answer: Governor Limits are Salesforce's enforced limits to ensure efficient processing. Examples include:
      • 50,000 records retrieved in a SOQL query.
      • 150 DML statements per transaction.
      • 10 MB maximum for Apex heap size.

  4. What is a Trigger in Salesforce?

    • Answer: A Trigger is an Apex script executed before or after DML events (e.g., insert, update, delete). Example: Automatically create a related record when an Opportunity is closed.

  5. What are Visualforce and Lightning Components?

    • Answer:
      • Visualforce: Salesforce's older framework for creating custom UIs using HTML-like tags.
      • Lightning Components: A modern framework for building dynamic web apps using JavaScript and Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS).

Scenario-based Questions

  1. How would you handle a situation where a user can’t see specific records in Salesforce?

    • Answer:
      1. Check object-level permissions in the profile.
      2. Verify record ownership and sharing rules.
      3. Ensure field-level security is set correctly.
      4. Confirm the user's role in the Role Hierarchy.

  2. How would you optimize a Salesforce org experiencing performance issues?

    • Answer:
      1. Analyze Apex code and optimize queries.
      2. Use indexed fields for filters.
      3. Archive old data using Big Objects.
      4. Minimize automation conflicts by reviewing Workflows, Flows, and Triggers.

Integration and Deployment Questions

  1. What are Salesforce APIs, and which ones have you used?

    • Answer: Salesforce APIs allow external systems to integrate with Salesforce. Common ones include:
      • REST API: Lightweight integration using JSON.
      • SOAP API: XML-based for complex integrations.
      • Bulk API: For handling large volumes of data.
      • Streaming API: For real-time data updates.

  2. What is Change Set in Salesforce?

    • Answer: A Change Set is a tool to migrate metadata (like objects, fields, and configurations) between Salesforce environments, such as Sandbox to Production.

Advanced Salesforce Questions

  1. What is Apex Governor Execution and Best Practices?

    • Answer:
      • Apex Governor Execution ensures no single user monopolizes resources.
      • Best practices include:
        • Use Collections (Lists, Maps) to handle bulk data.
        • Avoid queries or DML inside loops.
        • Use Limits Apex Methods to monitor resource usage.

  2. What is Salesforce DX?

    • Answer: Salesforce DX is a modern development environment for version control, CI/CD integration, and team collaboration. It uses tools like Salesforce CLI, Scratch Orgs, and Metadata APIs.

  3. What is Multi-tenant Architecture in Salesforce?

    • Answer: Salesforce’s multi-tenant architecture means all customers share the same software infrastructure but have isolated data and configurations. This ensures scalability and lower costs.

Behavioral Questions

  1. Tell me about a complex Salesforce implementation project you worked on.

    • Example Answer: Describe the project's objectives (e.g., building a partner portal), challenges (e.g., data migration), and solutions (e.g., automation using Flows or integration with an ERP).

  2. How do you handle tight deadlines for Salesforce deliverables?

    • Answer: Prioritize requirements, use agile development, and focus on leveraging out-of-the-box solutions to meet deadlines effectively.

  3. How do you ensure user adoption after implementing a Salesforce solution?

    • Answer: Conduct training sessions, create user guides, implement intuitive designs, and collect feedback to make iterative improvements.

Key Tips for Interviews

  1. Be ready to demonstrate Salesforce knowledge with real-world examples.
  2. If asked about limitations, show awareness of workarounds.
  3. Practice mock scenarios to explain problem-solving approaches.
  4. Stay updated on new Salesforce features (e.g., Flows replacing Workflows).
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